Pinus taeda (Pinus)
Alfa Pineno
O
alfa-pineno é o terpenóide mais amplamente encontrado na natureza e é
altamente repelente a insetos. Ele aparece em coníferas e
numerosas outras plantas. O pineno é um componente importante dos óleos
essenciais. A resina de Pistacia terebinthus (comumente
conhecida como terebinto ou terebintina) é rica em pineno. Os pinhões produzidos
pelos pinheiros contêm pineno. A mistura racêmica das duas
formas de pineno é encontrada em alguns óleos como o óleo de eucalipto.
Beta Pineno
Na
medicina tradicional chinesa, o extrato de pinho é usado como anticancerígeno.
Pesquisas recentes, ainda não conclusivas, têm demonstrado que, de fato, um dos
isômeros do pineno (o alfa-pineno) pode ser eficaz no tratamento de câncer de
fígado. Outros estudos versam sobre suas prováveis atividades antibacteriana e de
inibição de células relacionadas à reabsorção óssea. O pineno é usado
atualmente na fabricação de cânfora, inseticidas, solventes e desodorizantes.
Os óleos voláteis destilados de espécies de Pinus, ricos neste e em outros
terpenos, também são usados na preparação de produtos para inalação, como
antissépticos e, em pomadas, como ativante da circulação sanguínea.
Espécies onde é encontrado o Alfa pineno:
|
Kingdom |
Family |
Species |
|
Plantae |
Acoraceae |
Acorus
calamus |
|
Plantae |
Acoraceae |
Acorus
calanus L. |
|
Plantae |
Alliaceae |
Allium
sativum |
|
Plantae |
Alliaceae |
Allium
Sativum |
|
Plantae |
Anacardiaceae |
Anacardium
occidentale |
|
Plantae |
Anacardiaceae |
Mangifera
indica |
|
Plantae |
Anacardiaceae |
Pistacia
vera |
|
Plantae |
Anacardiaceae |
Schinus
terebinthus |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Annona
glabra |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Annona
squamosa |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Cananga
odorata |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Guatteriopsis
hispida |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Monodora
myristica |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Xylopia
aethiopica |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Xylopia
cayennensis |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Xylopia
frutescens |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Xylopia
parviflora |
|
Plantae |
Annonaceae |
Xylopia
rubescens |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Angelica
dahurica |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Angelica
pubescens f.biserrata |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Angelica
pubescentis |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Apium
graveolens |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Cuminum
cyminum L. |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Daucus
carota |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Falcaria
vulgaris |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Ferula
hermonis |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Ferula
iliensis |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Foeniculum
vulgare |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Notopterygium
forbesii |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Notopterygium
incisum |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Petroselinum
crispum |
|
Plantae |
Apiaceae |
Saposhnikovia
divaricata |
|
Plantae |
Araliaceae |
Panax
ginseng |
|
Plantae |
Aristolochiaceae |
Asarum
heterotropoides var.mandshuricum |
|
Plantae |
Aristolochiaceae |
Asarum
sieboldii |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Ageratina
conyzoides |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Ambrosia
artemisiifolia |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Ambrosia
trifida |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Anthemis
aciphylla BOISS.var.discoidea BOISS |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Artemisia
annua |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Artemisia
capillaris |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Artemisia
scoparia |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Centaurea
atropurpurea |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Centaurea
orientalis |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Chamaemelum
nobile |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Conyza newii |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Dittrichia
graveolens |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Eupatorium
bupleurifolium |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Helianthus
annuus |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Helichrysum
italicum |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Matricaria
recutita |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Petasites
albus |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Petasites
hybridus |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Phagnalon
sordidum |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Porophyllum
gracile |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Porophyllum
ruderale |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Rhaponticum
carthamoides |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Santolina
corsica Jordan et Fourr |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Senecio
vulgaris |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Solidago
canadensis |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Tanacetum
macrophyllum |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Tanacetum
vulgare |
|
Plantae |
Asteraceae |
Tarchonanthus
camphoratus |
|
Plantae |
Burseraceae |
Commiphora
mukul |
|
Plantae |
Campanulaceae/Lobeliaceae |
Codonopsis
pilosula |
|
Plantae |
Canellaceae |
Canella
winterana |
|
Plantae |
Cannabaceae |
Cannabis
inflorescences |
|
Plantae |
Cannabaceae |
Humulus
lupulus |
|
Plantae |
Caprifoliaceae/Diervillaceae/Dipsacaceae/Linnaeaceae/Valerianaceae |
Lonicera
japonica |
|
Plantae |
Caricaceae |
Carica
papaya |
|
Plantae |
Caryophyllaceae |
Silene
latifolia |
|
Plantae |
Cistaceae |
Cistus
albidus |
|
Plantae |
Cistaceae |
Cistus
clusii |
|
Plantae |
Cistaceae |
Cistus
creticus |
|
Plantae |
Cornaceae/Aucubaceae/Garryaceae/Helwingiaceae |
Cornus
officinalis |
|
Plantae |
Crassulaceae |
Rhodiola
rosea L. |
|
Plantae |
Cruciferae |
Arabidopsis
thaliana |
|
Plantae |
Cruciferae |
Capsella
bursa-pastoris |
|
Plantae |
Cruciferae |
Hesperis
matronalis |
|
Plantae |
Cupressaceae |
Chamaecyparis
formosensis |
|
Plantae |
Cupressaceae |
Cupressus
tricuspidata |
|
Plantae |
Cupressaceae |
Neocallitropsis
pancheri |
|
Plantae |
Cupressaceae |
Thuja
orientalis |
|
Plantae |
Cyperaceae |
Cyperus
rotundus L. |
|
Plantae |
Ericaceae |
Rhododendron
capitatum |
|
Plantae |
Fabaceae |
Colophospermum
mopane |
|
Plantae |
Fabaceae |
Medicago
sativa |
|
Plantae |
Fabaceae |
Trifolium
repens L. |
|
Plantae |
Fagaceae |
Quercus
coccifera |
|
Plantae |
Ginkgoaceae |
Ginkgo
biloba |
|
Plantae |
Gymnomitriaceae |
Marsupella
alpina |
|
Plantae |
Gymnomitriaceae |
Marsupella
emarginata |
|
Plantae |
Illiciaceae |
Illicium
anisatum |
|
Plantae |
Jubulaceae |
Frullania
monocera |
|
Plantae |
Jubulaceae |
Frullania
spinifera |
|
Plantae |
Jungermanniaceae |
Jungermannia
truncata NEES |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Agastache
rugosus |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Clinopodium
nepeta |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Hyssopus
cuspidatus |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Lavandula
angustifolia |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Lavandula
bipinnata |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Lavandula
canarien-sis |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Lavandula
dentata |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Lavandula
gibsoni |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Lavandula
multifida |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Lavandula
stoechas |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Marrubium
vulgare L. |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Mentha
haplocalyx |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Ocimum
americanum |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Ocimum
basilicum |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Ocimum gratissimum |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Ocimum
kilimandscharicim |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Ocimum
tenuiflorum |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Origanum
vulgare |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Perilla
frutescens var.acuta |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Perilla
frutescens var.crispa |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Plectranthus
marrubioides |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Rosmarinus
officinalis |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Salvia
hydrangea |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Salvia
mirzayanii |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Salvia
officinalis |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Salvia
santolinifolia |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Satureja
subspicata |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Schizonepeta
tenuifolia |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Tetradenia
riparia |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus
broussonetti |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus
capitatus |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus eriocalyx |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus
maroccanus |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus
piperella |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus
praecos |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus
vulgaris |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Thymus
X-porlock |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Trichostema
lanceolatum |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Vitex
negundo |
|
Plantae |
Labiatae |
Vitex
rotundifolia |
|
Plantae |
Lamiaceae |
Acinos rotundifolius |
|
Plantae |
Lamiaceae |
Calamintha
nepeta |
|
Plantae |
Lamiaceae |
Rabdosia
rubescens |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Cinnamomum
camphora |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Cinnamomum
illicioides |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Laurus
nobilis |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Litsea
cubeba |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Ocotea
floribunda |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Ocotea
holdrigeana |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Ocotea
sinuata |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Ocotea
tonduzii |
|
Plantae |
Lauraceae |
Ocotea
whitei |
|
Plantae |
Lythraceae |
Punica
granatum |
|
Plantae |
Magnoliaceae |
Magnolia
liliiflora |
|
Plantae |
Magnoliaceae |
Magnolia
officinalis |
|
Plantae |
Meliaceae |
Melia
azadirach |
|
Plantae |
Myristicaceae |
Myristica
fragrans |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
aggregata |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
alba |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
blakelyi |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
camaldulensis |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
citriodora |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
deglupta |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
dives |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
globulus var. bicostata |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
grandis |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
microcorys |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
microtheca |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
nitens |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
pellita |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
radiata |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
robusta |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
saligna |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
sideroxylon |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
tereticornis |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalyptus
torelliana |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Eugenia
zuchowskiae |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Leptospermum
scoparium |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Melaleuca
alternifolia |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Melaleuca
leucadendra L. |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Myrtus
communis |
|
Plantae |
Myrtaceae |
Psidium
guajava |
|
Plantae |
Oleaceae |
Forsythia
suspensa |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Abies
grandis |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Cedrus
libani |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Larix
sibirica |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Picea
ajanensis |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Picea
glehnii L. |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Picea
koraiensis |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Picea
obovata |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Picea
schrenkiana |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
banksiana |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
cembra |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
contorta var. latifolia |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
halepensis |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
massoniana |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus mugo
subsp. Mugo |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
palustris |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
sibirica L. |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus
sylvestris L. |
|
Plantae |
Pinaceae |
Pinus taeda |
|
Plantae |
Piperaceae |
Piper
arboreum |
|
Plantae |
Piperaceae |
Piper
fimbriulatum |
|
Plantae |
Piperaceae |
Piper
nigrum |
|
Plantae |
Piperaceae |
Piper
obliquum |
|
Plantae |
Poaceae |
Capillipedium
parviflorum |
|
Plantae |
Poaceae |
Cymbopogon
citratus |
|
Plantae |
Polygonaceae |
Polygonum
minus |
|
Plantae |
Ranunculaceae |
Nigella
sativa L |
|
Plantae |
Rosaceae |
Eriobotrya
japonica |
|
Plantae |
Rosaceae |
Fragaria
vesca |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrofortunella
mitis |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
aurantifolia |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
aurantium |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
deliciosa |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
grandis |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
hystrix |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
limon |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
paradisi |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
reticulata |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
sinensis |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus spp. |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Citrus
unshiu |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Clausena
excavata |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Murraya
exotica |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Murraya
paniculata |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Zanthoxylum
armatum |
|
Plantae |
Rutaceae |
Zanthoxylum
leprieurii |
|
Plantae |
Salicaceae |
Salix
babylonica |
|
Plantae |
Saururaceae |
Anemopsis
californica |
|
Plantae |
Saururaceae |
Houttuynia
cordata Thunb. |
|
Plantae |
Saururaceae |
Houttuynia
emeiensis |
|
Plantae |
Saxifragaceae |
Saxifraga
stolonifera Meerb. |
|
Plantae |
Schisandraceae |
Schisandra
chinensis |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Nicotiana
alata |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Nicotiana
bonariensis |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Nicotiana
langsdorffii |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Nicotiana
mutabilis |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Nicotiana
tabacum |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Solanum
lycopersicum |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Solanum
peruvianum |
|
Plantae |
Solanaceae |
Solanum
tuberosum |
|
Plantae |
Taxaceae |
Taxus wallichiana |
|
Plantae |
Theaceae |
Camellia
sinensis |
|
Plantae |
Turneraceae |
Turnera
diffusa |
|
Plantae |
Valerianaceae/Linnaeaceae/Dipsacaceae/Diervillaceae |
Valeriana
jatamansii |
|
Plantae |
Valerianaceae/Linnaeaceae/Dipsacaceae/Diervillaceae |
Valeriana
officinalis var.latifolia |
|
Plantae |
Verbenaceae |
Lippia
javanica |
|
Plantae |
Verbenaceae |
Lippia
multiflora |
|
Plantae |
Verbenaceae |
Lippia
ukambensis |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Aframomum
melegueta |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Alpinia
officinarum |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Amomum
medium |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
aeruginosa |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
amada |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
amanda Roxb |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
aromatica |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
mangga |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
phaeocaulis |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
xanthorrhiza |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Curcuma
zedoaria |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Zingiber
cassumunar Roxb. |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Zingiber
mioga (Thunberg) Roscoe |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Zingiber
montanum (Koenig) Theilade |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Zingiber
officinale ROSC. |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Zingiber
spectabile Griff. |
|
Plantae |
Zingiberaceae |
Zingiber zerumbet
Smith |
Referências
Bibliográficas
Abrahim,
D., Francischini, A. C., Pergo, E. M., Kelmer-Bracht, A. M., &
Ishii-Iwamoto, E. L. (2003). Effects of α-pinene on the
mitochondrial respiration of maize seedlings. Plant Physiology and
Biochemistry, 41(11-12), 985-991.
da
Silva Rivas, A. C., Lopes, P. M., de Azevedo Barros, M. M., Costa Machado, D.
C., Alviano, C. S., & Alviano, D. S. (2012). Biological
activities of α-pinene and β-pinene enantiomers. Molecules, 17(6),
6305-6316.
Rivas
da Silva, A. C., Lopes, P. M., Barros de Azevedo, M. M., Costa, D. C., Alviano,
C. S., & Alviano, D. S. (2012). Biological activities of
α-pinene and β-pinene enantiomers. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 17(6),
6305-6316.
Rufino,
A. T., Ribeiro, M., Judas, F., Salgueiro, L., Lopes, M. C., Cavaleiro, C.,
& Mendes, A. F. (2014). Anti-inflammatory and
chondroprotective activity of (+)-α-pinene: structural and enantiomeric
selectivity. Journal of natural products, 77(2), 264-269.
Salehi,
B., Upadhyay, S., Erdogan Orhan, I., Kumar Jugran, A., LD Jayaweera, S., A.
Dias, D., ... & Sharifi-Rad, J. (2019). Therapeutic
potential of α-and β-pinene: A miracle gift of nature. Biomolecules, 9(11),
738.
Uribe,
S. A. L. V. A. D. O. R., Ramirez, J. O. R. G. E., & Peña, A. N. T. O. N. I.
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